The ballast means heavy bodies that serve to ballast / load element (boat, blimp, etc.) in order to move the center of gravity and increase the mass (inertia or weight) of an object. They ensure the stability of the vessel and / or depression needed to obtain sufficient immersion of the propeller and better quality water. Formerly, the yachts were weighted with sand. Ships today are with sea water injected into building called ballast water sea diving, spearfishing and snorkeling, scuba divers often have to weight it correctly in order to immerse . The natural buoyancy of the human body associated with that of the neoprene wetsuit tend to maintain the individual surface. The ballast, usually made of lead, a weight belt or harness lead, should be enough for the diver to dive without difficulty or take a decompression stop at 3 meters depth without effort. The ballast is variable depending on many factors such as diver's equipment, the thickness of the combination, the volume and type of his diving block, density bodily experience, the salinity of the water, etc. . A typical exercise used to determine the weights needed for divers bottle is in the final dive, to sink with the vest empty. The water level must reach the middle of the mask. To adjust the weights, it must then, by being helping another diver, add or remove weights to progressively refine its buoyancy. The submarine hunters and tend to resolve themselves freedivers their weights to obtain neutral buoyancy at the average depth at which they operate, knowing that for safety reasons they are generally not recommended to be sealed too. To optimize the weight / volume of ballast, it is often made of lead. These pellets are generally small blocks of 500g, 1kg, 1.5 kg or 2 kg. Weight belt: This belt is about 5 cm wide that bind with a quick fastening system around the waist. It removes up and shot at will. This type of belt can be fitted with small pockets, such as pouches, which are housed in the pellets. shot bags: more flexible in use, they slip into the pockets provided for this purpose, the buoyancy control device. A Velcro closure system allows them to fall rapidly. Ankle weights: they bind bracelets around the ankles and helps to maintain a horizontal position. They are widely used because tiring to use when kicking, which is a factor increasing the consumption of oxygen. The drysuit divers use them to keep a neutral attitude of the body. Harness: used more frequently by hunters submarines, it generally consists of two shot ventral and dorsal plates lead to better distribute the ballast and thus relieve the kidneys. professional divers (diver) themselves use shoes ballast heavily leaded order to move and work more easily at the bottom. On the descent, if the ballast is too large, the diver will tend to flow and may not have the time needed to properly perform its balancing maneuvers.It may then pressure-related accident. if the ballast is too large, the diver will need more effort to stay above the bottom and move, it may consume more air and thus to miss the end of the dive and It is also to thank you for a breath. if the ballast is not big enough, it can be driven to the surface, exposing it to practice scuba diving decompression sickness, or even a pulmonary barotrauma. during ascent, in addition to the risks mentioned above, increased by the proximity of the surface and a greater variation of pressure, the scuba diver can also, in case of deficit ballast fail to keep his or her bearings decompression and risking decompression sickness due to a rise too fast. In the event of an accident under water during a scuba diving, if a teammate can not trace his victim and he relieves his belt (or its weight system), the two divers could being dragged to the surface without being able to control their ascent. Therefore, in any other case, a ballast should be removed at the bottom or risk a "rise ball". For cons, the snorkellers can still in them without the slightest hesitation or dump their ballast that of a teammate in need. Copyright Text is available under Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike, other conditions may apply. See Terms of Use for more details and credits graphics. If reused texts of this page, see how to cite authors and include the license. Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.., Charitable organization governed by section 501 (c) (3) tax United States. ..

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